Abilities

Abilites are representations of a creature's physical and mental attributes. There are six abilities in Baldur's Gate 3, and every creature has a set of six ability scores, numerical values which repdesent how well they perform at each ability.

Each ability score translate directly into an ability score modifier – modifiers which function as bonuses or penalties that are added to (or subtracted from) most dice rolls in the game.

• 

  Strength

• 

  Dexterity

• 

  Constitution

• 

  Intelligence

• 

  Wisdom

• 

  Charisma

Overview

Each ability describes a creature's capability in a different area.

Strength (STR)

Physical power

• Creatures add their Strength modifier to the results of attack and damage rolls for melee weapons.
• Increases carrying capacity and jump distance.
• Improves chances of success of shoving or resisting being shoved.
• The primary ability of fighters and barbarians.

Associated skills

Athletics

Dexterity (DEX)

Agility and finesse

• Creatures add their Dexterity modifier to to the results of attack and damage rolls of ranged weapons and, when the creature's Dexterity score is higher than their Strength score, melee weapons with the Finesse property.
• Creatures also add their Dexterity modifier to their AC, up to a maximum of +2 when wearing medium armour. The bonus is ignored when wearing heavy armour.
• The primary ability of monks, rangers and rogues.

Associated skills

Acrobatics, Sleight of Hand, Stealth

Constitution (CON)

Overall health and endurance

• Creatures add their Constitution modifier to the amount of hit points they gain on level up. This increase is applied retroactively.

Associated skills

None

Intelligence (INT)

Rational reasoning and memory

• The primary ability of wizards.

Associated skills

Arcana, History, Investigation, Nature, Religion

Wisdom (WIS)

Common sense and insight

• The primary ability for clerics and druids
• An important ability for monks, as several of their class features depend on it.

Associated skills

Animal Handling, Insight, Medicine, Perception, Survival

Charisma (CHA)

Charm or force of character

• The primary ability for bards, sorcerers, warlocks and paladins.

Associated skills

Deception, Intimidation, Performance, Persuasion

Character creation

Ability scores are bought with points during character creation. The minimum ability score during character creation is 8, and the maximum is 15, before any of the ability score increases are applied.

Each class has designated primary and secondary abilities. While these have no particular mechanical significance, they are mentioned in the character creator, and serve as recommendations for players unfamiliar with the rules of the game.

Ability score modifiers

Each ability has an ability score modifier, which is derived from its respective ability score. These modifiers are added to various dice rolls in the game, including attack rolls, damage rolls, ability checks and saving throws.

Ability score modifiers are decreased by 1 for every odd ability score below 10, and are increased by 1 for every even ability score above 10.

The formula used for calculation an ability score's modifier is Modifier = (Score − 10) ÷ 2 (rounded down).

Ability score modifier chart

Ability score	Modifier value		Ability score	Modifier value
1	-5		16-17	+3
2-3	-4		18-19	+4
4-5	-3		20-21	+5
6-7	-2		22-23	+6
8-9	-1		24-25	+7
10-11	+0		26-27	+8
12-13	+1		28-29	+9
14-15	+2		30	+10

Spellcasting ability

For more information, see Spellcasting ability and proficiency.

Every class has an ability that affects their spellcasting, and they add its respective ability score modifier to the attack rolls and Difficulty Class of their spells.

Intelligence

Fighter, Rogue, Wizard.

Wisdom

Cleric, Druid, Monk, Ranger.

Charisma

Barbarian, Bard, Paladin, Sorcerer, Warlock.

Saving throws

See also: Saving throws

Each saving throw has an associated ability, and creatures can have proficiency with or advantage on saves that use a specific ability, usually granted by clads and race, respectively.

• Dexterity is a common ability used for saves against spells that deal area of effect damage, often halving the damage rolls of those spells.
• Constitution saves are used is used to maintain concentration on long-duration spells, and are used when saving against poisons or spells that test a target's endurance or resilience.
• Intelligence saves are used against psionic spells and features, such as those used by illithids.
• Wisdom is a commonly used ability for saves against spells that test a creature's composure, willpower or self control.

Ability checks

Ability checks are dice rolls made to determine whether a creature succeeds or fails at a task. When attempting an ability check, a creature rolls a d20, and then adds the relevant ability score modifier and, if applicable, proficiency bonus to the results of the roll. If the final results equal or exceeds a target Difficulty Class (DC), specific to that task, it is considered as success.

Formula:  d20 + Ability Score Modifier + (when applicable) proficiency Bonus

Skills

Ability checks are usually made using a specified skill. Skills are specific areas of expertise, each associated with an ability, that characters can be proficient in.

Character add their proficiency bonus to any ability checks they make using skills they are proficient in.

Strength Athletics

Dexterity Acrobatics Sleight of Hand Stealth

Intelligence Arcana History Investigation Nature Religion

Wisdom Animal Handling Insight Medicine Perception Survival

Charisma Deception Intimidation Performance Persuasion

List of skills, sorted by ability

Ability Score	Skills
Strength	Athletics
Dexterity	Acrobatics Sleight of Hand Stealth
Intelligence	Arcana History Investigation Nature Religion
Wisdom	Animal Handling Insight Medicine Perception Survival
Charisma	Deception Intimidation Performance Persuasion

Skill proficiencies

All characters gain proficiency in two skills based on their chosen background during character creation, and can choose 2-4 more skills to be proficient in from a list of skills determined by their class.

Additionally, some races, subclasses and feats also give proficiency in specific skills, and bards receive the class feature  Jack of All Trades at level 2, allowing them to add half their proficiency bonus to ability checks they make using skills they are not proficient in.

Skill proficiencies granted by each background

Background	Skills
Acolyte	Insight	Religion
Charlatan	Deception	Sleight of Hand
Criminal	Deception	Stealth
Entertainer	Acrobatics	Performance
Folk Hero	Animal Handling	Survival
Guild Artisan	Insight	Persuasion
Noble	History	Persuasion
Outlander	Athletics	Survival
Sage	Arcana	History
Soldier	Athletics	Intimidation
Urchin	Sleight of Hand	Stealth

Expertise

Characters can also have expertise in a skill, which allows them to add double their proficiency bonus:

• Rogues gain expertise in two skills they are proficient in at both level 1 and level 6.
• Bards gain expertise in two skills they are proficient in at both level 3 and level 10
• Knowledge Domain clerics gain expertise in two skills, from a choice of Arcana, History, Nature and Religion, at level 1.
• The Actor feat gives expertise in Deception and Performance.
• Gnome#Rock gnomes have both expertise in History.

Multiple sources of skill proficiency

Neither proficiency nor expertise stack: there is no special benefit to having multiple sources of proficiency on a single character, nor is there any benefit to having both proficiency and expertise at the same time. Some sources of expertise do, however, require the character to already be proficient in a skill in order to gain expertise in it.

Common scenarios

Automatic rolls

Some ability checks are automatic. For example, when a creature approaches an unactivated trap, the game rolls a Perception ability check to determine whether the creation notices the trap. Perception is a Wisdom Skill, so the character adds their Wisdom modifier and, if proficient in Perception, their proficiency bonus to the ability check. Once the trap is discovered, the character can interact with it to attempt to Disarm it, which requires a successful Sleight of Hand check, a Dexterity Skill.

During dialogue

Ability checks are also common during dialogue, where some responses require a ability check to determine the outcome. Examples include using Charisma-based skills like Persuasion, Deception or Intimidation to influence others, or Intelligence-based Skills like Investigation, History or Religion to determine or remember facts.

Contests

A contest is a special type of ability check in which two creatures both roll an ability check to oppose each other, and one wins over the other. The creatures don't necessarily roll the same type of check.

An example of this is the  Shove action. The creature attempting the Shove rolls Athletics, and the defending creature rolls either Athletics or Acrobatics (the game chooses the Skill with the highest bonus) to contest the Shove. If the attacker's roll is higher than the defender's, the Shove succeeds; otherwise it fails.

Improving or reducing ability scores

There are multiple ways of improving or reducing ability scores, either permanently or temporarily.

Permanently

Ability scores can be permanently improved through the Ability Improvement feat, though this cannot raise a score above 20.

There are also several ways of permanently improving ability scores by through quests and interactions, which can raise ability scores over 20.

Temporarily

Ability scores may be temporarily increased above 20 through various enhancements, such as magical spells, elixirs, or special equipment.

Ability score reduction

Some supernatural or magical effects (like Devour Intellect) can temporarily drain abilities, reducing one or more of the target's ability scores, potentially to zero. If any score is reduced to zero, the target dies instantly.