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Abilities (edit)

Revision as of 03:03, 9 January 2024

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{{AbilityScoreModifierTable}}
{{AbilityScoreModifierTable}}


== Ability checks ==
==Ability checks==
Ability checks are [[dice roll]]s made to determine whether a creature succeeds or fails at a task. When attempting an ability check, a creature rolls a d20 and adds the relevant [[Ability score#Ability score modifiers|ability score modifier]] to the result on the die. They may also add their [[Proficiency bonus|proficiency bonus]], if they have a relevant proficiency. If the total result equals or exceeds a target [[Difficulty Class]] (DC), specific to the task, then the check is considered a success; otherwise it is a failure.
{{Excerpt|Dice rolls|Ability checks|subsections=yes}}
 
<div style="text-align: center;"> Formula: {{InfoBlob|{{D20}} + Ability score modifier + Proficiency bonus (when applicable)}}</div>
 
In addition, a roll of 20 on the die always succeeds, and a roll of 1 on the die always fails, regardless of whether the result including modifiers meets the DC. These results are known as '''critical success''' and '''critical failure'''.{{note|This is a departure from standard tabletop D&D rules, which only use critical success and failure for [[attack roll]]s.}}
 
=== Skills ===
Ability checks are usually made using a specified skill. Skills are specific areas of expertise, each associated with an ability, that characters can be [[Proficiency|proficient]] in.{{note|Ability checks made using skills are often referred to as ''skill checks'' by the community, although they are not referred to as such in-game.}}
 
Characters add their proficiency bonus to any ability checks they make using skills they are proficient in.
 
{{SkillsTable}}
 
All characters gain proficiency in two skills based on their chosen [[background]] during character creation, and can choose 2-4 more skills to be proficient in from a list of skills determined by their [[class]].
 
Additionally, some [[races]], subclasses, and [[feats]] also give proficiency in specific skills, and [[bards]] receive the class feature [[Jack of All Trades]] at level 2, allowing them to add {{em|half}} their proficiency bonus (rounded down) to ability checks they make using skills they {{em|are not}} proficient in.
 
{{BackgroundSkillsTable}}
 
==== Expertise ====
Characters can also have expertise in a skill, which allows them to add {{em|double}} their proficiency bonus:
* [[Rogue|Rogues]] gain expertise in two skills they are proficient in at both level 1 and level 6.
* [[Bard|Bards]] gain expertise in two skills they are proficient in at both level 3 and level 10.
* [[Knowledge Domain|Knowledge Domain clerics]] gain expertise in two skills, from a choice of Arcana, History, Nature, and Religion, at level 1.
* The [[Actor]] feat gives expertise in Deception and Performance.
* [[Gnome#Rock gnomes|Rock gnomes]] have expertise in History.
 
==== Multiple sources of skill proficiency ====
Neither proficiency nor expertise stack: there's no benefit to having multiple sources of proficiency for a skill, nor is there any benefit to having both proficiency and expertise at the same time. Some sources of expertise do, however, require the character to already be proficient in a skill.
 
=== Common scenarios ===
==== Automatic rolls ====
Some ability checks are automatic. For example, when a creature approaches an unactivated trap, the game rolls a [[Perception]] ability check to determine whether the creature notices the trap. Perception is a Wisdom skill, so the character adds their Wisdom modifier and, if proficient in Perception, their proficiency bonus to the ability check. Once the trap is discovered, the character can interact with it to attempt to [[Disarm]] it, which requires a successful [[Sleight of Hand]] check, a Dexterity skill.
 
==== During dialogue ====
Ability checks are also common during dialogue, where some responses require an ability check to determine the outcome. Examples include using Charisma-based skills like [[Persuasion]], [[Deception]], or [[Intimidation]] to influence others, or Intelligence-based skills like [[Investigation]], [[History]], or [[Religion]] to determine or remember facts.
 
==== Contests ====
A contest is a special type of ability check in which two creatures both roll an ability check to oppose each other, and one wins over the other. The creatures don't necessarily roll the same type of check.
 
An example of this is the {{SAI|Shove}} action. The creature attempting the Shove rolls Athletics, and the defending creature rolls either Athletics or Acrobatics (the game chooses the Skill with the highest bonus) to contest the Shove. If the attacker's roll is higher than the defender's, the Shove succeeds; otherwise, it fails.


== Saving throws ==
== Saving throws ==
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